來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)
標(biāo)簽: 免疫 炎癥反應(yīng) IL
摘要 : 最近,科羅拉多大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的Charles Anthony Dinarello研究組發(fā)現(xiàn)分泌到胞外的IL-37也具有抑制炎癥的作用,并對(duì)這一作用的機(jī)制盡心了研究。相關(guān)結(jié)果發(fā)表在最近一期的《PNAS》雜志上。
武漢默沙克生物 m.medicaltourismaustria.com
武漢默沙克生物新一輪5-8折生物試劑大促銷!
許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn),IL-37對(duì)天然免疫系統(tǒng)的炎癥反應(yīng)具有負(fù)向調(diào)節(jié)作用。人外周單核細(xì)胞缺失了IL-37后,對(duì)LPS以及IL-1a引起的炎癥反應(yīng)敏感型顯著增加。另外,小鼠轉(zhuǎn)入外源性IL37后對(duì)各類微生物以及化學(xué)性炎性刺激的耐受性增高。目前的研究普遍認(rèn)為IL-37的作用機(jī)制類似于其家族內(nèi)的其它細(xì)胞因子:IL-1a,IL-18,即通過被caspase-1切割活化后進(jìn)入細(xì)胞核內(nèi)參與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果也證實(shí)在caspase-1催化活性缺失后,IL-37入核的能力喪失,同時(shí)IL-37的炎癥抑制作用發(fā)生了下降。然而,是否入核參與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控是IL-37的唯一負(fù)向調(diào)節(jié)作用方式還不清楚。最近,科羅拉多大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的Charles Anthony Dinarello研究組發(fā)現(xiàn)分泌到胞外的IL-37也具有抑制炎癥的作用,并對(duì)這一作用的機(jī)制盡心了研究。相關(guān)結(jié)果發(fā)表在最近一期的《PNAS》雜志上。
首先,作者們檢測了大腸桿菌表達(dá)的重組IL-37對(duì)LPS引起的炎癥反應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果顯示,重組IL-37能夠有效抑制LPS引起的IL-6與IL-1a的產(chǎn)生,并且具有明顯的劑量依賴性。作者通過蛋白免疫印跡的手段發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-37能夠有效抑制LPS引起的胞內(nèi)蛋白激酶JNK,MAPK(p38),ERK的磷酸化。之后,作者通過體內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)IL-37能夠有效抑制LPS刺激引起的小鼠體重減輕,體溫降低,以及IL-1a,IL-6在各大組織及外周血液中的分泌。證明了IL-37具有體內(nèi)的生理作用。
由于之前有報(bào)道稱IL-37能夠與IL-18R a-chain結(jié)合,作者通過實(shí)驗(yàn)再度證實(shí)了這一說法。然而不同于IL-18,IL-37與IL-18R a-chain結(jié)合后不會(huì)引起IL-18 b chain的聚集,而是啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)抗炎性的信號(hào),比如募集IL-1R8。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果也證實(shí)IL-37的確也能與IL-1R8發(fā)生結(jié)合。之后,作者比較了IL-1R8缺失突變小鼠與野生型小鼠BMDC對(duì)IL-37的敏感度。結(jié)果顯示,野生型小鼠BMDC隨著IL-37處理劑量的降低,LPS引起的炎性因子的分泌發(fā)生顯著增加,然而突變體小鼠BMDC則無明顯變化。同時(shí),在IL-1R8缺失突變小鼠中BMDC受到LPS刺激產(chǎn)生的蛋白激酶的磷酸化不再能被IL-37抑制。以上結(jié)果證明了IL-1R8在IL-37信號(hào)傳遞過程中的作用。
之后,作者通過流式以及RNA定量的手段發(fā)現(xiàn)了IL-1R8主要表達(dá)于M1型巨噬細(xì)胞,而且在受到IL-37刺激時(shí)此類細(xì)胞表面IL-1R8的表達(dá)量出現(xiàn)明顯的上升。
最后,作者在人外周單核細(xì)胞的培養(yǎng)物中加入IL-37中和抗體,以阻止分泌到胞外的IL-37的活性。結(jié)果顯示,在加入中和抗體之后LPS刺激能夠引起更多的炎性因子的分泌。以上結(jié)果證明了分泌型IL-37也具有抑制炎癥反應(yīng)的能力。
Similar to IL-1α and IL-33, IL-1 family member IL-37b translocates to the nucleus and is associated with suppression of innate and adaptive immunity. Here we demonstrate an extracellular function of the IL-37precursor and a processed form. Recombinant IL-37 precursor reduced LPS-induced IL-6 by 50% (P < 0.001) in highly inflammatory human blood-derived M1 differentiated macrophages derived from selective subjects but not M2 macrophages. In contrast, a neutralizing monoclonal anti–IL-37 increased LPS-induced IL-6, TNFα and IL-1β (P < 0.01). The suppression by IL-37 was consistently observed at low picomolar but not nanomolar concentrations. Whereas LPS induced a 12-fold increase in TNFα mRNA, IL-37 pretreatment decreased theexpression to only 3-fold over background (P < 0.01). Mechanistically, LPS-induced p38 and pERK were reduced by IL-37. Recombinant IL-37 bound to the immobilized ligandbinding α-chain of the IL-18 receptor as well as to the decoy receptor IL-1R8. In M1 macrophages, LPS increased the surface expression of IL-1R8. Compared with human blood monocytes, resting M1 cells express more surface IL-1R8 as well as total IL-1R8; there was a 16-fold increase in IL-1R8 mRNA levels when pretreated with IL-37. IL-37 reduced LPS-induced TNFα and IL-6 by 50–55% in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, but not in dendritic cells derived from IL-1R8–deficient mice. In mice subjected to systemic LPS-induced inflammation, pretreatment with IL-37 reduced circulating and organ cytokine levels. Thus, in addition to a nuclear function, IL-37 acts as an extracellular cytokine by binding to the IL-18 receptor but using the IL-1R8 for its anti-inflammatory properties.
作者:keeii